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The Defender’s Dilemma: Past Its Expiration Date

The “defender’s dilemma” is alive and well. The defender’s dilemma is the belief that “attackers can fail repeatedly at no cost, while defense must hold “everywhere, always” is nothing if not controversial. Many have taken issue with this maxim—and developed compelling cases against the need for a 100 percent success rate in defense. Nonetheless, the dilemma continues to be invoked. The oversimplification of offense and defense, over-crediting attackers with asymmetric advantage, and all-or-nothing tone pit the futility of defense against the fatalism of victimhood.

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The Cyber War Is Going Autonomous: Can Human Control Keep Up?

The cyber threat environment has shifted dramatically in the past two years. Due to rapid advances in artificial intelligence (AI), attacks that previously necessitated months of highly specialised effort by experienced hackers can now be undertaken in a matter of minutes. AI is a more influential actor in cybersecurity; research shows it can act as a hacker rather than just assist human hackers through partial automation tasks. The main concern is that AI can conduct cyberattacks with minimal human intervention, potentially escalating beyond human control and ultimately compressing the attack-response.

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The Blind Spot in Defense: Inside Counterterrorism’s Black Box

On July 10 2026, a Cambridge University researcher published a report that mapped the use of frontier artificial intelligence (AI) models, including ChatGPT, Claude, Grok, DeepSeek, Gemini and Meta AI, by terrorist groups in Western Africa. Based on the post-hoc testimonies by the demobilized members of the Boko Haram faction, the terrorist organization [with the assistance of Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS)] employed iterative prompting to obtain incremental assistance on innovating improvised explosive devices (IEDs), improving surveillance, building weaponized drones and assisting with troubleshooting.  

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Can Europe Defend Itself?

The decisive battlespace of the twenty-first century will ever more entail the cognitive domain, wherein strategic advantage is achieved through the shaping of perception, informing judgment, influencing decisions, and governing the informational architectures that define operational understanding, emotion and actions. In this milieu, artificial intelligence (AI) will increasingly function as an active participant to identify patterns beyond human perception, illuminate adversary behavior before it unfolds, synthesize operational knowledge, defend and contest digital terrain, and generate recommendations at operational tempos that exceed, and thus expand human capacity.

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The Agentic Olympus: The “Gods” of AI in Irregular Cognitive Warfare

The decisive battlespace of the twenty-first century will ever more entail the cognitive domain, wherein strategic advantage is achieved through the shaping of perception, informing judgment, influencing decisions, and governing the informational architectures that define operational understanding, emotion and actions. In this milieu, artificial intelligence (AI) will increasingly function as an active participant to identify patterns beyond human perception, illuminate adversary behavior before it unfolds, synthesize operational knowledge, defend and contest digital terrain, and generate recommendations at operational tempos that exceed, and thus expand human capacity.

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Orbital Data Centers Could Potentially Exacerbate the Risk of Escalation in Outer Space

China is engaging in tactics just short of war, unconstrained by any formal declaration of hostilities as it seeks weaknesses to exploit in the United States Farm Surveillance Program and Homeland Defense initiatives. The U.S. agricultural supply chain is under attack from global competitors seeking to degrade America’s ability to feed its populace and export products.

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Cultivating Vulnerability: The Irregular Warfare Campaign Against American Farms and America’s Economy

China is engaging in tactics just short of war, unconstrained by any formal declaration of hostilities as it seeks weaknesses to exploit in the United States Farm Surveillance Program and Homeland Defense initiatives. The U.S. agricultural supply chain is under attack from global competitors seeking to degrade America’s ability to feed its populace and export products.

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