The “defender’s dilemma” is alive and well. The defender’s dilemma is the belief that “attackers can fail repeatedly at no cost, while defense must hold “everywhere, always” is nothing if not controversial. Many have taken issue with this maxim—and developed compelling cases against the need for a 100 percent success rate in defense. Nonetheless, the dilemma continues to be invoked....

The cyber threat environment has shifted dramatically in the past two years. Due to rapid advances in artificial intelligence (AI), attacks that previously necessitated months of highly specialised effort by experienced hackers can now be undertaken in a matter of minutes. AI is a more influential actor in cybersecurity; research shows it can act as a hacker rather than just...

On July 10 2026, a Cambridge University researcher published a report that mapped the use of frontier artificial intelligence (AI) models, including ChatGPT, Claude, Grok, DeepSeek, Gemini and Meta AI, by terrorist groups in Western Africa. Based on the post-hoc testimonies by the demobilized members of the Boko Haram faction, the terrorist organization [with the assistance of Islamic State in...

The decisive battlespace of the twenty-first century will ever more entail the cognitive domain, wherein strategic advantage is achieved through the shaping of perception, informing judgment, influencing decisions, and governing the informational architectures that define operational understanding, emotion and actions. In this milieu, artificial intelligence (AI) will increasingly function as an active participant to identify patterns beyond human perception, illuminate...

The decisive battlespace of the twenty-first century will ever more entail the cognitive domain, wherein strategic advantage is achieved through the shaping of perception, informing judgment, influencing decisions, and governing the informational architectures that define operational understanding, emotion and actions. In this milieu, artificial intelligence (AI) will increasingly function as an active participant to identify patterns beyond human perception, illuminate...